Pleural Effusions

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) belongs to the family Retroviridae, subfamily Lentiviridae. Retroviridae different organisms share biological area. Initial phase of primary infection followed by a relatively asymptomatic period of months to years, and the final stage of HIV disease open causes many diseases. Here are a few of them.

Pneumonia

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is one of the most common opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS. This usually occurs in patients with CD4 counts less than 200 cells / μL. Other factors associated with increased risk of PCP have CD4 percentage of lessthan 15%, oral thrush, recurrent bacterial pneumonia, high HIV-1 RNA level, unintentional weight loss, and previous episodes of PCP.

attack of the disease is insidious, with a few days to weeks of fever, exertional dyspnea, chest discomfort, weight loss, weakness and night sweats. Chest radiography typically shows bilateral interstitial pulmonary infiltrates, but Lobar distribution and spontaneous pneumothoraces May occur. Patients with early disease may have normal chest X-ray. Pleural effusion is uncommon. To prevent pneumonia should be treated the symptoms of HIV. For this there are special medications, such as. They inhibit razmnozhnie cell disease.

TB

resurgence of tuberculosis in the United States does not fully explain the HIV epidemic. Factors such as socio-economic conditions, immigration, the collapse of public health infrastructure, and lack of interest in medical and scientific community in all tuberculosis play a role. Apart from the impact of HIV on the occurrence of tuberculosis, there are other important interactions between HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis: TB can accelerate the course of HIV infection, in contrast to many opportunistic infections in patients with HIV infection, tuberculosis can be cured if diagnosed and treated appropriately immediately and tuberculosis can be prevented. Tuberculosis is common in HIV-infected persons at all CD4. However, its clinical manifestations may vary depending on the degree of immunosuppression. When TB occurs later in the course of HIV infection, it tends to be atypical features, such as extrapulmonary disease, disseminated disease, and unusual chest X-ray appearance (lower lung zone lesions, intrathoracic adenopathy, diffuse infiltration and a lower frequency of cavitation).